beaufighters in malta

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In April 1943, the first successful torpedo attacks by Beaufighters was performed by 254 Squadron, sinking two merchant ships off Norway. ", "Bristol Beaufighter Mark VIc Serial Number A19-130", "Hidden Wreck of RAF Fighter Emerges from Sands on Cleethorpes Beach", Period newsreel on the Beaufighter, featuring footage of RAF operations by Coastal Command and in North Africa, Documentary on the Beaufighter, focusing on its Australian service, Australian 1943 propaganda film on the destruction of a Japanese invasion convoy in the Bismark Sea involving Beaufighters, A picture of a Merlin-engined Beaufighter II, Bristol Beaufighter further information and pictures, "Beaufighter – Whispering Death, The Forgotten Warhorse", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bristol_Beaufighter&oldid=1009420462, World War II British night fighter aircraft, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, A Beaufighter belonging to 31 Squadron of, 6 x .303 Browning machine guns in wings four starboard two port (optional, replacing internal long range fuel tanks), 1 × manually operated 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Browning for observer. Variants of the Beaufighter were manufactured in Australia by the Department of Aircraft Production (DAP); such aircraft are sometimes referred to by the name DAP Beaufighter. The Hercules Mk XVII, developing 1,735 hp (1,294 kW) at 500 ft (150 m), was installed in the Mk VIC airframe to produce the TF Mk.X (torpedo fighter), commonly known as the "Torbeau". When the RAF decided to create a museum in the early 1960s, few Beaufighters were known to have survived, and so this one was brought back in 1963. The wing of the Beaufighter used a mid-wing cantilever all-metal monoplane arrangement, also constructed out of three sections. The Merlin engine installations and nacelles were designed by Rolls-Royce as a complete "power egg"; the design and approach of the Beaufighter's Merlin installation was later incorporated into the design for the much larger Avro Lancaster bomber. But in 1943 when it left Malta on a mission, a mechanical problem forced the pilot to ditch the aircraft into the sea, where it is still lying upside down on a sandy bottom with most of the plane buried in the sand. bristol-beaufighter-malta. [1] Evaluation of the Beaufort concluded that it had great structural strength and stiffness in the wings, nacelles, undercarriage and tail, so that the aircraft could be readily developed further for greater speed and manoeuvrability akin to a fighter-class aircraft. Both crew-members had their own hatch in the floor of the aircraft. 1435.” (DG p77). 30 Squadron flew in at mast height to provide heavy suppressive fire for the waves of attacking bombers. [27] On 25 October 1940, the first confirmed Beaufighter kill, a Dornier Do 17, occurred. These powered three-bladed Rotol constant-speed propellers; both fully feathering metal and wooden blades were used. The name Beaufighter is a portmanteau of "Beaufort" and "fighter". The concept of the Beaufighter has its origins in 1938. Coastal Command received its first Beaufighters in December 1940, when No. It was a twin-engine 2-3 seater long-range fighter, strike, and torpedo aircraft. By September 1945, when British production ended, 5,564 Beaufighters had been built by Bristol and the Fairey Aviation Company at Stockport and RAF Ringway (498); also by the Ministry of Aircraft Production (3336) and Rootes at Blythe Bridge (260). [2] Early modifications to R2052 included stiffening of the elevator control circuit, increased fin area and lengthening of the main oleo strut of the undercarriage to better accommodate weight increases and hard landings. Most important aircraft contributions to the Malta aircraft – it ditched in August 1943 an! [7] While the aircraft's size had once caused scepticism, the Beaufighter became the highest performance aircraft capable of carrying the bulky early airborne interception radars used for night fighter operations, without incurring substantial endurance or armament penalties, and was invaluable as a night fighter. Fighter Wwii Plane British Aircraft Bristol Beaufighter Warbirds Bristol Royal Navy Navy Aircraft War Thunder. Wreck Dive, St. Julians, Malta (WW2) The Bristol Beaufighter was built in Filton and Weston-Super-Mare, England and taken into service in 1940. Bristol Beaufighter wreck is located about 900 m offshore St. Julian’s Point in Sliema. During the Munich Crisis, the Bristol Aeroplane Company recognised that the Royal Air Force (RAF) had an urgent need for a long-range fighter aircraft capable of carrying heavy payloads for maximum destruction. Avión modelo Bristol Beaufighter. May 31, 2020 - Finally build a model of the RAF. A Bristol Beaufighter of the 272nd Squadron, stationed in Malta in 1942. [10] More advanced radar units were installed in early 1941, which soon allowed the Beaufighter to become an effective counter to the night raids of the Luftwaffe. [28] The Mk II was also supplied to the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy. It was a twin-engine 2-3 seater long-range fighter, strike, and torpedo aircraft. It was a twin-engine 2-3 seater long-range fighter, strike, and torpedo aircraft with a wing span of 18m. [10] On the night of 19/20 November 1940, the first kill by a radar-equipped Beaufighter occurred, of a Junkers Ju 88. It was 12.6m in length with 17.6m wingspan, overall a heavy fighter with two seats and a twin engine. Beaufighter Mk VIF aircraft of No. The reality is that they appear to be a pair of transit Beaufighters and crews retained in Malta to do a few ops before continuing their onward journey to the Middle East. It is a twin-engine two-seat long range day and night fighter. [16] Initial RAAF deliveries were directed to No. Most of the plane is buried in the sand, the wings and the main fuselage are quite intact, both undercarriage frames with shredded tyres stick out behind the radial engines, and port side propeller still attached to the engine. The Australian crew survived and were rescued by a British submarine. It was retired and abandoned in December 1958. [3] While there was some scepticism that the aircraft was too big for a fighter, the proposal was given a warm reception by the Air Staff. [14] The fourth prototype, R2055, had its regular armament replaced by a pair of 40 mm guns for attacking ground targets, the two guns being a Vickers S gun mounted on the starboard fuselage and a Rolls-Royce BH gun mounted on the port fuselage; these trials led to the Vickers gun being installed on an anti-tank Hawker Hurricane IID. Through the summer, the squadrons conducted daytime convoy escort and ground-attack operations but primarily flew as night fighters. In March, the Germans started an out-all bombing campaign against Malta and all the RAF had initially to defend the island was a few Hurricanes – though Spitfires and Beaufighters did join the fight. The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) also made extensive use of the type as an anti-shipping aircraft, such as during the Battle of the Bismarck Sea. [16], Before DAP Beaufighters arrived at RAAF units in the South West Pacific Theatre, the Beaufighter Mk IC was commonly employed in anti-shipping missions. Download this stock image: The wreck of a Beaufighter aircraft from World War II in Malta - WP75JK from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors. This was half the total tonnage sunk by all strike wings between 1942 and 1945. 455 … The Bristol Beaufighter crashed due to mechanical problems. The aircraft was ditched on April 21, 1944 after suffering a double engine failure shortly after takeoff from North Coates. [2] Bristol proceeded to suggest their concept for a fighter development of the Beaufort to the Air Ministry. [30], In the Mediterranean, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) 414th, 415th, 416th and 417th night fighter squadrons received a hundred Beaufighters in the summer of 1943, achieving their first victory in July 1943. At least one captured Beaufighter was operated by the Luftwaffe – a photograph exists of the aircraft in flight, with German markings. Du kan lura mej You are summer Sommar'n som aldrig säger nej Låt oss bygga en ark Singin' in the rain Nova Mina jeans Skogar och vatten Kärlekssång Min vän Låt dom ha sin frihet kvar Ta' de' du kan få A dream of sisyphos Förlåt. Steve Stevens was a WW2 SAAF Beaufighter pilot. During World War II, equipped with the first usable intercept radar the Bristol Beaufighter was the first success against German night raids during the winter of 1940/1941. Beaufighter was built by Bristol Aeroplane Company and it served in Royal Air Force. [12], Further armament trials and experimental modifications were performed throughout the Beaufighter's operational life. ", "Bristol Beaufighter IC, A19-43 / T5049 / Night Mare, National Museum of the United States Air Force. Bristol Beaufighter Dive Site near St Paul's Bay, Il-Mellieha, St Julian's, Tas-Sliema, Il-Qala, Ghajnsielem, Birgu, Ix-Xewkija, Il-Munxar & Zebbug Malta. Discover (and save!) [2] A total of 2,100 drawings were produced during the transition from Beaufort to the prototype Beaufighter, more than twice as many were created during later development, between the prototype Beaufighter and the fully operational production models. Bristol Beaufighter is a World War II airplane wreck dive in Malta. In the South-East Asian Theatre, the Beaufighter Mk VIF operated from India as a night fighter and on operations against Japanese lines of communication in Burma and Thailand. Beaufighter was built by Bristol Aeroplane Company and it served in Royal Air Force. The plane was a twin-engine two-seat heavy fighter, about 12.6 m in length with 17.6 m wingspan. As a torpedo bomber and "general reconnaissance" aircraft the Beaufort had moderate performance but for fighter-lik… By March 1941, half of the 22 German aircraft claimed by British fighters were by Beaufighters. Log a dive or post a picture at Bristol Beaufighter. At night the onboard radar let the aircraft detect enemy aircraft. Pictures, dive logs, reviews and articles. The wrecks co-ordinates are of N 35’ 55.455 // E 014’ 30.189. On 12 June 1942, a Beaufighter conducted a raid which Moyes said was "perhaps the most impudent of the war". Bristol Beaufighter is also the name of a car produced by Bristol Cars in the 1980s. By the end of 1942, Mk VICs were being equipped with torpedo-carrying gear for the British 18 in (450 mm) or the US 22.5 in (572 mm) torpedo externally; observers were not happy about carrying the torpedo, as they were unable to use the escape hatch until after the torpedo had been dropped. Interests: Wreck Diver. [19][25] On 2 November 1943, another high-profile event involving the type occurred when a Beaufighter, A19-54, won the second of two unofficial races against an A-20 Boston bomber.[19]. [32] In December 1941, Beaufighters participated in Operation Archery, providing suppressing fire while British Commandos landed on the occupied Norwegian island of Vågsøy. See more ideas about bristol beaufighter, ww2 aircraft, british aircraft. [7] The second prototype, R2053, which was furnished with Hercules I-M engines (similar to Hercules II) and was laden with operational equipment, had attained a slower speed of 309 mph at 15,000 ft. The maximum depth is 121-130ft/37-40m. My Father served with the Royal Artillery on Malta during the war. The standard Merlin XX-powered aircraft was later called the Beaufighter Mk IIF; the planned slim-fuselage aircraft, alternatively equipped with Hercules IV and Griffon engines, the Beaufighter Mk III and Beaufighter Mk IV respectively, were ultimately left unbuilt. A British journalist said that Japanese soldiers called it the "whispering death" for its quiet engines, although this is not supported by Japanese sources. The design of the cannons and the armament configuration was revised on most aircraft. [2], During early development, Bristol had formalised multiple configurations for the prospective aircraft, including variations such as a proposed three-seat bomber outfitted with a dorsal gun turret with a pair of cannons, the Type 157 and what Bristol referred to as a sports model, with a thinner fuselage, the Type 158. [2] The rapid pace of development is partly due to the re-use of many elements of the Beaufort design along with frequently identical components. [4] Since the "Beaufort cannon fighter" was a conversion of an existing design, development and production was expected to proceed more quickly than with a new one. The Beau crews cycled from Valletta to Takali where their planes were, and they were sent up in pairs to patrol the night sky. The Beaufighter proved to be an effective night fighter, which came into service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Battle of Britain, its large size allowing it to carry heavy armament and early airborne interception radar without major performance penalties. [29] Due to wartime shortages, some Beaufighters entered operational service without feathering equipment for their propellers. [7] The armament of the Beaufighter had also undergone substantial changes, the initial 60-round capacity spring-loaded drum magazine arrangement being awkward and inconvenient; alternative systems were investigated by Bristol. 30 Squadron in New Guinea and No. Malta records usually refer to the pair of Beaufighters operating from there in support of Operation Crusader as the "Malta Beaufighter Flight". Beaufighter being moved at Luqa, near Valetta, Malta. The Bristol Beaufighter was built in England and taken into service in 1940. [7], In February 1940, an order was placed for three Beaufighters, converted to use the alternative Merlin engine. [7] Output of the Beaufighter rose rapidly upon the commencement of production. Noté /5. [14], In 1941, to intensify offensive air operations against Germany and deter the deployment of Luftwaffe forces onto the Eastern Front, Coastal Command Beaufighters began offensive operations over France and Belgium, attacking enemy shipping in European waters. The 5562 Beaufighters earned a considerable reputation in the Middle and Far East during the Second World War. "The Sky Suspended". When the RAF decided to create a museum in the early 1960s, few Beaufighters were known to have survived, and so this one was brought back in 1963. Nearest the camera is a Mark VIC, X8079, 'K', which was shot down by German fighters off Maritime Island on 22 May 1943, Behind X8079 is … [7] Due to production of the Griffon being reserved for the Fairey Firefly, the Air Ministry instead opted for the Rolls-Royce Merlin to power the Beaufighter until the manufacturing rate of the Hercules could be raised by a new shadow factory in Accrington. Beaufighter Dive Site near St Julian's, Tas-Sliema, Birgu, Marsaskala, St Paul's Bay, Il-Mellieha, Il-Qala, Ghajnsielem, Ix-Xewkija & Zebbug Malta. Bridgeman, Leonard, ed. [1][33] The Beaufighter's Hercules engines used sleeve valves, which lacked the noisy valve gear common to poppet valve engines. 144 Squadron RAF at Dallachy. Tous les titres de Malta. The initial rejection was later reversed, upon the introduction of a new electrically driven feed derived from Châtellerault designs brought to Britain by Free French officers, which was quite similar to Bristol's original proposal. [10], By mid-1941, manufacture of the Beaufighter varied to meet the demands of RAF Fighter Command and RAF Coastal Command. They were transferred to Egypt via Malta in May 1941 to operate in the ground attack role and also anti-shipping in the Mediterranean. [1] The Bristol design team, led by Leslie Frise, commenced the development of a cannon-armed fighter derivative as a private venture. [1] Amongst the design requirements, the aircraft had to be able to accommodate the Rolls-Royce Griffon engine as an alternative to the Hercules and that it have maximum interchangeability between the two engines, which would feature removable installations. [4], Bristol began building an initial prototype by taking a partly-built Beaufort out of the production line. VIC. (Imperial War Museum Catalogue number TR 1063 Part of MINISTRY OF INFORMATION SECOND WORLD WAR COLOUR TRANSPARENCY COLLECTION) It was lost in almost identical circumstances to the Malta aircraft – it ditched in August 1943 after an engine failure soon after takeoff. [8][10], On 2 April 1940, R2052 was delivered to the RAF; it was followed by R2053 two weeks later. 254 Squadron, was uncovered by shifting sands on Cleethorpes beach near Grimsby. The majority of the fuselage was positioned aft of the wing and, with the engine cowlings and propellers now further forward than the tip of the nose, gave the Beaufighter a characteristically stubby appearance. In an emergency, the pilot could operate a lever that remotely released the hatch, grasp two steel overhead tubes and lift himself out of his seat, swing his legs over the open hatchway, then let go to drop through. He served in SAAF 19 Squadron in Italy 1944-1945. [7], For the maximum rate of production, sub-contracting of the major components was used wherever possible and two large shadow factories to perform final assembly work on the Beaufighter were established via the Ministry of Aircraft Production; the first, operated by the Fairey Aviation Company, was at Stockport, Greater Manchester and the second shadow, run by Bristol, was at Weston-super-Mare, Somerset. [14] In June 1941, the Beaufighter-equipped 272 Squadron based on Malta claimed the destruction of 49 enemy aircraft and the damaging of 42 more. It was originally conceived as a heavy fighter variant of the Bristol Beaufort torpedo bomber. [1] While early radar sets suffered from restrictions in range and thus initially limited the aircraft's usefulness, improved radars became available in January 1941, promptly making the Beaufighter one of the more effective night fighters of the era. [10] On 22 March 1941, the first production Beaufighter Mk II, R2270, conducted its maiden flight; squadron deliveries commenced in late April 1941. The Bristol Beaufort (manufacturer designation Type 152) was a British twin-engined torpedo bomber designed by the Bristol Aeroplane Company, and developed from experience gained designing and building the earlier Blenheim light bomber. The navigator-radar operator sat to the rear under a small Perspex bubble where the Beaufort's dorsal turret had been. https://underwatermalta.org/discover/beaufighter/, Short url here: https://maltadives.com/4901, http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?130794, https://underwatermalta.org/discover/beaufighter/. Bailey, James Richard Abe (Jim). Visibility: 10-20 metres. On the 17th March 1943, Beaufighter “N” failed in the air just after take-off and her pilot managed to ditch her in the sea. 38 metros de profundidad. The Beaufighter was introduced into the coastal command as a strike fighter, where its gun armament was retained but rockets and torpedoes were added, giving it even greater fire power. Wreck Dive, St. Julians, Malta The Bristol Beaufighter was built in England and taken into service in 1940. Du kan lura mej You are summer Sommar'n som aldrig säger nej Låt oss bygga en ark Singin' in the rain Nova Mina jeans Skogar och vatten Kärlekssång Min vän Låt dom ha sin frihet kvar Ta' de' du kan få A dream of sisyphos Förlåt. Early models of the Mk X carried centimetric-wavelength ASV (air-to-surface vessel) radar with "herringbone" antennae on the nose and outer wings, but this was replaced in late 1943 by the centimetric AI Mark VIII radar housed in a "thimble-nose" radome, enabling all-weather and night attacks. By using as many parts from an existing design as possible, there … When the RAF decided to create a museum in the early 1960s, few Beaufighters were known to have survived, and so this one was brought back in 1963. X8023 Night Fighter Black; 96 Sqn. It the late 1940s, it was converted into a target tug, and was used by the RAF in the United Kingdom and Malta. [6], During the pre-delivery trials, the first prototype R2052, powered by a pair of two-speed supercharged Hercules I-IS engines, had achieved 335 mph (539 km/h) at 16,800 ft (5,120 m) in a clean configuration. During a raid on London on the night of 19/20 May 1941, 24 aircraft were shot down by fighters against two by anti-aircraft ground fire.[10]. British built Beaufighters were armed with 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons under the nose and 6 x 0.303 Browning machine guns in the wings, along with a rear mounted 0.303 machine gun for the observer. One brief (two day) trip to Malta in August 1942 to deliver aircraft No. This is a boat dive for experienced divers. 32. [7] The next variant, the Beaufighter Mk II, used the Merlin engine instead. Tous les titres de Malta. He is now 95 years old. [16], The Beaufighter soon commenced service overseas, where its ruggedness and reliability quickly made the aircraft popular with crews. [10] On 7 December 1940, the 100th Filton-built aircraft was dispatched; the 200th Filton-built aircraft followed on 10 May 1941. The Beaufighter served as both a night fighter and strike aircraft in the Mediterranean. [12] The initial fifty production aircraft were approved for completion with a cannon-only armament. Beaufighters were replaced in some roles by the Bristol Type 164 Brigand, which had been designed using components of the Beaufighter's failed stablemate, the Bristol Buckingham. Evacuating the aircraft was easier for the navigator, as the rear hatch was in front of him and without obstruction. Hope you enjoy. [1] As the faster de Havilland Mosquito took over as the main night fighter in mid-to-late 1942, the heavier Beaufighter made valuable contributions in other areas such as anti-shipping, ground attack and long-range interdiction, in every major theatre of operations. 252 Squadron began to use the type on long range convoy protection duties. Shortly after take-off, one of the formation developed severe engine vibrations. Dive site - Bristol Beaufighter, Malta. RAAF No. http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?130794 [22] This was one of the heavier, if not the heaviest, fighter armament of its time. The crew survived uninjured. Jul 26, 2016 - Bristol Beaufighters of No 272 Squadron RAF in flight over Malta - Mk VIC X8079 code 'K', behind Mk IC T5043 'V' 1943 272 Squadron RAF) was identified about 0.5-mile (0.80 km) off the north coast of Malta. Feb 8, 2017 - This Pin was discovered by Eric Couderchon. Bristol Beaufighter Mk VIC (T9068) of the No. 252 Coastal Command’s first Beaufighter squadron Mk I: December 1940-December 1942; Mk VI: November 1942-April 1944; Mk X: January 1944-December 1946; Mk XI: June 1943-January 1944 November 1940-May 1941: Convoy protection from Northern Ireland, then to Malta No. Eight transports and four destroyers were sunk for the loss of five aircraft, including one Beaufighter. 272 Squadron RAF Coastal Command at Takali airfield Malta 27 June 1943. Eyes to the Skies. The addition of six .303 Browning machine guns made the Beaufighter the most heavily armed fighter aircraft in the world, capable of delivering a theoretical weight of fire of up to 780 lb (350 kg) per minute; the practical rate of fire was much lower due to gun overheating and ammunition capacity. See more ideas about bristol beaufighter, ww2 aircraft, british aircraft. ", "Bristol Beaufighter Mark Ic Serial Number A19-43. The Beaufighter was also used by the air forces of Portugal, Turkey and the Dominican Republic. However, it was heavy on the controls and not easy to fly, with landing being a particular challenge for inexperienced pilots. Bristol Beaufighter Mk IC T4800 code ND-C of No. This occurred with the bellows-type dive brake that became standard for Coastal Command Beaufighters for its usefulness in torpedo-bombing. Achetez neuf ou d'occasion This inaugural deployment with the squadron proved to be highly successful, leading to the type being retained in that theatre throughout the remainder of the war. The most famous of these was the Battle of the Bismarck Sea, during which Beaufighters were used in a fire-suppression role in a mixed force with USAAF Douglas A-20 Boston and North American B-25 Mitchell bombers. The crash damaged the plane considerably. In June 1941, 272 Squadron based on Malta claimed the destruction of 49 enemy aircraft and the damaging of 42 more. The plane was a twin-engine two-seat heavy fighter, about 12.6 m in length with 17.6 m wingspan. [13], Large orders for the Beaufighter were placed around the outbreak of the Second World War, including one for 918 aircraft shortly after the arrival of the initial production examples. The high-speed, low-level attacks were very effective, despite often atrocious weather conditions, and makeshift repair and maintenance facilities. The North Coates Strike Wing of Coastal Command, based at RAF North Coates on the Lincolnshire coast, developed tactics that combined large formations of Beaufighters, using cannons and rockets, to suppress flak, while the Torbeaus attacked at low level with torpedoes. Serving in the royal Air Force, the Beaufighter was built by a Bristol Aeroplane company. The Bristol Beaufighter is a World War II airplane which is now an amazing wreck dive in Malta. In 1942, long range patrols of the Bay of Biscay were routinely conducted by Beaufighters, intercepting aircraft such as the Ju-88 and Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor operating against Allied anti-submarine patrols. He is now 95 years old. The Beaufighters were crewed by a pilot and navigator and operated in the Fighter and Light Ground Attack Roles using their 4x 20mm Hispano Cannons (In the Nose, just above Torpedo in Right Picture) and 6x .303 Browning Machine Guns (In the Wings). Nearest the camera is a Mark VIC, X8079, 'K', which was shot down by German fighters off Maritime Island on 22 May 1943, Behind X8079 is Mark IC, T5043 V . To meet demand, both the Fairey and Weston production lines were, at times, only producing Coastal Command Beaufighters. ROYAL AIR FORCE OPERATIONS IN MALTA, GIBRALTAR AND THE MEDITERRANEAN, 1939-1945. At least 1,180 Beauforts were built by Bristol and other British manufacturers. The bomb bay of the Beaufort had been entirely omitted, but a small bomb load could be carried externally. It was retired and abandoned in December 1958. 252, Coastal Command’s first Beaufighter squadron, which arrived in Malta in May 1941 to make attacks on Axis shipping, and remained in the theatre for the rest of the war. Published Tuesday August 9th, 2016 at 500 × 312 in bristol-beaufighter-malta The Beaufighter showed its merits as a night fighter but went on to perform in other capacities. By mid-1941, twenty Beaufighters were reserved for test purposes, including engine development, stability and manoeuvrability improvements and other purposes. Bristol Beaufighters, Malta. Standard underwing ordnance included 8 air to ground rockets or up to four 500 lb bombs. [32] Beaufighters also cooperated with the British Eighth Army during action in the Western Desert Campaign, often in the form of ground strafing.[16]. By the autumn of 1943, the Mosquito was available in enough numbers to replace the Beaufighter as the primary night fighter of the RAF.

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